مقاييس معيارية حاسوبية

Season: Standards

Time:

Intervention: Most of the topics below lists standards and tries to differentiate among them, the methodology would be to discuss general concept behind formats, and then list and compare some of the most known industry formats, and finally discuss what formats/standard parameters to use with different media.

During the Discussion on each topic, samples will be displayed and played, to compare and be able to successfully 'read' quality.

Topics:

   * Uncompressed vs. Lossless
   * Copy vs Generations, Analog and Digital
   * Image formats:
         o JPEG, 2000
         o GIF
         o PNG
         o Vectors
         o TIFF
         o Software specific
   * Animation:
         o GIF, SWF, …
   * Audio:
         o WAV
         o Midi
         o MP3/OGG/AMR/RM, ...
   * Video:
         o Encoding/Transcoding
         o AVI Container
         o MPEG2
         o MPEG4/Divx, …
   * What formats and parameters for:
         o DVD
         o Web
         o Printing
         o TV

� Resources and Details:

Uncompressed vs. Lossless:

The difference between encoding (recording?) data as is, bit by bit, with no restriction on any combination of sampling rates or bitrates. And between loosless compressed formats, which require more processing, but use less size, and between loosy formats where certain algorithms are deployed to 'compress' data.

Concepts: Size(Volume), Processing time, Quality, Sample Rate, Bitrate Resources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_codecs

Copy vs Generations, Analog and Digital

In Digital, we COPY data, that is, we get an exact replica of the original, unless encoding/transcoding is applied, however, with Analog, no copy can be conducted without generation loss. �Concepts: Analog, Digital, original and copy in analog and digital, transcoding, generation loss Resources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generation_loss

Image formats:

List most common format, and compare it, differentiate among Raster and Vector, and among different encodings, and understand image quality aspects http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_file_formats http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_graphics_file_formats

         o JPEG, 2000
         o GIF
         o PNG
         o Vectors
         o TIFF
         o Software specific

   Concepts: Raster, Vector, image encoding, image quality aspects
   Resources: http://www.scantips.com/basics09.html

Animation:

What are the formats used to store animated images and animation, what is the difference between image flipping, and flash animation capabilities.

         o GIF, SWF, …

   Concepts: Animated Images, Animation, Vector animation
   Resources: http://evanjones.ca/vector-graphics.html
       http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_Interchange_Format

Audio:

List of most common audio formats, differentiate among encodings and capabilities, how to understand audio quality aspects (bitrate/Sample rate)

         o WAV
         o Midi
         o MP3/OGG/AMR/RM, …

   Concepts: Sample Rate, Over sampling, under sampling Container, audio compression, pattern recognition, Average/Constant/Variable bitrate.

Video:

List most common video and video container formats, how to measure and understand video quality aspects: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_video_codecs http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_container_formats

         o Encoding/Transcoding
         o AVI Container
         o MPEG2
         o MPEG4/Divx, …

   Concepts: Quality vs. Performance, Quality measurement

   * What formats and parameters for:

List various media and format parameters, including: resolution, formats, colors, interlacing, PAL/NTSC, Regions,

         o DVD
         o Web
         o Printing
         o TV

   Concepts: Resolution, colors, interlacing, …
   Resources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_resolution
       http://www.sjbproductions.com/web_pages/tip_video/ntsc_pal.htm

طالع كذلك

• قسمي اعتبارات تقنية و رقمية قبل المونتاج و المرمّزات و الصيغ في دليل مصرين للإعلام الشعبي